![]() For example, when viewing a picture containing human figures, humans were more likely to fixate on human figures compared with the background, on faces compared with other parts of the body, and on the eyes compared with other facial features. In the light of these issues, we studied eye-tracking in humans and our most closely related species, the chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes).Įarly studies of eye tracking have noted that human gaze control is highly regular viewers tend to concentrate their fixations on semantically informative regions when shown pictures of scenes or faces ( Buswell 1935 Yarbus 1967). 2006), no studies have compared eye-tracking between apes and humans. Furthermore, despite the critical importance of ape species in comparative cognitive science ( Matsuzawa et al. Thus, little is currently known about the similarities and differences in eye-movement patterns of non-human and human primates. Very little research has made direct comparisons under similar conditions (but see Kobayashi & Kohshima 2001). ![]() However, these studies only indirectly compared the eye movements of these species. Several comparative cognitive eye-tracking studies have revealed similarities in the eye movements of monkeys and humans ( Keating & Keating 1982 Nahm et al. Eye movements can potentially reveal a variety of cognitive and emotional processes, from visual-spatial attention to social information processing and motivational change. Overall, our results clearly demonstrate the eye-movement strategies common to the two primate species and also suggest several notable differences manifested during the observation of pictures of scenes and body forms.Įye tracking enables the direct assessment of eye movements and has been an important method in studies of human and non-human primates, particularly monkey species. In addition, the average duration of fixation on the face region was shorter in chimpanzees than in humans. However, the eye movements of chimpanzees also exhibited distinct differences from those of humans the former shifted the fixation location more quickly and more broadly than the latter. The face region was detected at first sight by both species when they were shown pictures of chimpanzees and of humans. Both chimpanzees and humans looked at the animal figures for longer than at the background and at the face region for longer than at other parts of the body. ![]() We found a striking similarity in viewing patterns between the two species. We recorded the eye movements of chimpanzees as they viewed naturalistic pictures containing a full-body image of a chimpanzee, a human or another mammal results were compared with those from humans. Here, we present the first examination of eye tracking in chimpanzees. Surprisingly little is known about the eye movements of chimpanzees, despite the potential contribution of such knowledge to comparative cognition studies.
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